Ikibazo cyo guhinga sesame muri Etiyopiya

I. Ahantu ho gutera no gutanga umusaruro

Etiyopiya ifite ubuso bunini, igice kinini cyayo ikoreshwa mu guhinga sesame. Ubuso bwihariye bwo gutera bugera kuri 40% yubuso bwa Afrika yose, kandi umusaruro wumwaka wa sesame ntabwo uri munsi ya toni 350.000, bingana na 12% byumusaruro wisi yose. Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyo gutera sesame mu gihugu cyakomeje kwiyongera, kandi umusaruro nawo wiyongereye.

2. Ahantu ho gutera no gutandukana

Sesame ya Etiyopiya ihingwa cyane cyane mu majyaruguru no mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba (nka Gonder, Humera) no mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba (nka Wellega). Ubwoko nyamukuru bwa sesame ikorerwa mu gihugu harimo Ubwoko bwa Humera, Ubwoko bwa Gonder, na Wellega, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yacyo. Kurugero, Ubwoko bwa Humera buzwi cyane kubera impumuro nziza nuburyohe bwihariye, hamwe namavuta menshi, bigatuma bikenerwa cyane nkinyongera; mugihe Wellega ifite imbuto ntoya ariko kandi irimo amavuta agera kuri 50-56%, bigatuma biba byiza kuvoma amavuta.

3. Gutera imiterere nibyiza

Etiyopiya ifite ikirere gikwiye cy’ubuhinzi, ubutaka burumbuka, n’amazi menshi y’amazi, bitanga ibihe byiza byo guhinga sesame. Byongeye kandi, igihugu gifite abakozi bahendutse bashoboye kwishora mubikorwa bitandukanye byubuhinzi umwaka wose, bigatuma igiciro cyo gutera sesame kiri hasi. Izi nyungu zituma sesame yo muri Etiyopiya irushanwa cyane ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

IV. Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga

Etiyopiya yohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi bya sesame ku masoko yo hanze, Ubushinwa bukaba ari kimwe mu byoherezwa mu mahanga. Sesame ikorerwa muri iki gihugu ifite ubuziranenge kandi buhendutse, bigatuma itoneshwa cyane n'ibihugu bitumiza mu mahanga nk'Ubushinwa. Mugihe isi ikenera sesame ikomeje kwiyongera, biteganijwe ko Etiyopiya yoherejwe na sesame yohereza hanze.

Muri make, Etiyopiya ifite ibyiza byihariye nuburyo bwo guhinga sesame, kandi inganda zayo zifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere.